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 Cuba is located in a geographical area highly vulnerable to hurricanes due to its location in the Caribbean, a region where these meteorological phenomena are frequent during the hurricane season that runs from June to November. Throughout its history, the country has suffered the impact of numerous devastating hurricanes that have caused great material and human losses. one of the most recent and destructive was Hurricane Irma in 2017, which affected the entire island with extremely strong winds, torrential rains and flooding. This event caused the evacuation of hundreds of thousands of people and severe damage to housing, infrastructure, agriculture and public services, testing the country's response capacity and resilience. 


The most dangerous hurricanes for Cuba have been those that, due to their intensity, trajectory and effects, caused catastrophic damage on the island. These include Hurricane Martha in 1963, which left a large number of victims, Hurricane Kate in 1985, which caused severe flooding and destruction in the eastern region, and the devastating Hurricane Mitch in 1998, which, although it affected Central America, also caused heavy rains and flooding in Cuba. However, two of the most impactful hurricanes in recent history have been Dennis 2005 and Irma 2017. Dennis arrived as a category 4 hurricane, causing severe damage to homes, infrastructure and crops, while Irma, one of the most powerful hurricanes in recent history, caused heavy rains and flooding in Cuba.


The Cuban government has developed an early warning system and assessment protocols that have proven to be effective in reducing the number of fatalities in these events. Despite this, hurricanes continue to represent a significant threat due to their intensity and frequency, especially in a context of climate change that may increase the severity of these phenomena. The reconstruction after each hurricane implies an enormous economic and social effort for the country, especially affecting the most vulnerable communities. For this reason, Cuba continues to invest in prevention, education and adaptation strategies to minimize future impacts and protect its population. 


Another of the natural hazards that occur in Cuba are forest fires, which occur mainly in the regions with the greatest presence of forests and natural areas, such as the Sierra Maestra, the Guaniguanico Mountain Range and parts of the center and east of the country. These areas, due to their dense vegetation and warm climate, are especially vulnerable during the dry months, when the lack of humidity causes the plant material to become highly flammable. In addition, the combination of natural factors such as high temperatures, strong winds and the accumulation of dry leaves and branches increases the risk of small fire outbreaks turning into large fires. 

The causes of these fires are varied. In many cases, they are due to human activities such as poorly controlled agricultural burns, negligence in managing campfires, or even intentionally set fires. Climate change has also influenced the frequency and duration of dry periods, exacerbating conditions for fire spread. Forest fires have a significant impact on biodiversity, air quality and the local economy, so the Cuban government implements monitoring, prevention and control programs to reduce their incidence and protect these vital ecosystems. 


https://www.dimecuba.com/revista/cuba-tiempo/huracanes-cuba/ 

https://www.cubanoticias360.com/huracanes-mas-devastadores-para-cuba-en-los-ultimos-20-anos/ 

https://www.granma.cu/cuba/2024-10-21/huracanes-que-afectaron-la-region-oriental-de-cuba-un-recorrido-cronologico

https://www.14ymedio.com/cuba/guardabosques-desahogan-infierno-destruyo-7_1_1114180.html 

https://periodismodebarrio.org/2025/04/incendios-forestales-en-cuba/


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